尔时,释迦牟尼佛,从法座起,现大神力,以右手摩无量菩萨摩诃萨顶,而作是言:我于无量百千万亿阿僧祇劫,修习是难得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提法,今以付嘱汝等。汝等应当受持读诵,广宣此法。如是三摩诸菩萨摩诃萨顶,而作是言:我于无量百千万亿阿僧祇劫,修习是难得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提法,今以付嘱汝等。汝等当受持读诵广宣此法,令一切众生普得闻知。
逐句解释
以右手摩诸菩萨顶——三次摩顶,三次付嘱
「嘱累品」是《法华经》正式传法嘱咐的一章。佛陀从法座起身,以右手抚摸(摩顶)无量菩萨的头顶——三次——每次都说同样的话:我修行无量劫方得此法,今天将它托付给你们。摩顶是佛教中最郑重的传承手势,重复三次更增加了嘱托的庄严与分量。
The Buddha rises from his dharma seat, displays his supernatural powers, and with his right hand strokes the crowns of the innumerable bodhisattvas — three times — each time saying: "I spent immeasurable asamkhya kalpas cultivating this hard-won unsurpassed awakening. I now entrust it to all of you."
The gesture of touching the crown of the head (摩顶, literally "rubbing the top") is one of the most intimate and solemn acts of transmission in Buddhist tradition. It is what a great teacher does when formally passing the Dharma to a disciple. The fact that the Buddha does this not once but three times — to the entire assembly of innumerable bodhisattvas — speaks to the weight of what is being entrusted. He is not giving instructions; he is placing his attainment of countless kalpas into the hands and hearts of those who will carry it forward. This is the moment when the teaching leaves the hands of the teacher and enters the world.
「令一切众生普得闻知」——传法的根本使命
佛陀的嘱咐简洁有力:「令一切众生普得闻知。」普——普遍,不遗漏任何人。闻知——听闻并了知。这是《法华经》整部经的使命陈述,也是菩萨道的核心:让每一个众生都有机会听到这个真理,听到那个改变一切的消息——你将成佛。
Enable all living beings to hear and know this universally.
Five words in the original Chinese that carry the entire weight of the bodhisattva mission: make it universal. Not "teach those who are ready" or "spread it where it is welcome." Universally. Every being. This instruction echoes the Lotus Sutra's fundamental teaching from Chapter 2 — the One Vehicle, which leaves no one behind — but now it is formulated as an active imperative. The bodhisattvas who receive this transmission are not being asked to guard the teaching, or to share it selectively with the worthy. They are being asked to ensure that it reaches everyone, without exception, across all time. It is an impossible mandate, and that is precisely the point. It keeps the work from ever being finished, and the compassion from ever contracting.
嘱累的深意:如来以无量劫的修行托付
佛陀在嘱咐时特别强调:这是「难得」的法,是他修行了无量阿僧祇劫才得到的。这不是谦虚,而是对传法责任的严肃定价。接受这个托付的人,不是在承担一件轻松的事,而是在接过一份价值无法估量的珍宝,并承诺将它安全地传递给每一个需要它的人。
The Buddha emphasises that this Dharma was hard to attain — won through immeasurable asamkhya kalpas of cultivation. By naming the cost, he defines the value of what is being entrusted.
The phrase "hard to attain" (难得) is not false modesty; it is a measure of the teaching's worth. When someone who has spent inconceivable time and effort achieving something then places it in your hands and says "carry this forward," the weight of that trust is proportional to what it cost them. The bodhisattvas receiving this transmission are being asked to hold something of incalculable value — not for themselves, but for every being who will ever need it. This is the deepest form of generosity: giving away the thing that cost you everything, to people you will never meet, for the benefit of beings who do not yet exist.
诸佛分身各归本土,多宝塔还没
传法嘱咐完毕后,从十方来的分身佛各自归还本土,多宝塔也回归地下。法会的宇宙性场景逐渐收束——天花散尽,宝塔隐没,诸佛离去——只留下这个娑婆世界,和那些刚刚接受了托付的菩萨们。宇宙的热闹散去之后,真正的工作,才刚刚开始。
After the transmission, the emanation-Buddhas from the ten directions return to their own lands, the Treasure Stupa returns into the earth, and the cosmic assembly disperses. The saha world is left as it was — with the bodhisattvas who have just received the entrustment.
The closing of the cosmic scene is as significant as its opening. The floating stupa descends. The ten-direction Buddhas depart. The flower rain ends. What remains is ordinary — this world, these beings, these newly commissioned teachers. The contrast is deliberate: the supernatural display was the confirmation, but the work happens in the ordinary world. This is the Lotus Sutra's final practical teaching: all the visions, all the cosmic spectacle, ultimately resolve back into the question of what you do with what you have been given. The flowers have fallen. The teaching is in your hands now.
总结 · Summary
「嘱累品」是《法华经》正式传法的终点。佛陀三次以右手摩顶,将他修行无量劫所得的无上正法,托付给无量菩萨,嘱咐他们「令一切众生普得闻知」。随后,宇宙性的法会场景收束:分身佛归土,宝塔入地,天花散尽。一切归于平静——但这个平静,是带着使命的平静。传承已经发生,《法华经》的生命,从此流淌在这个世界的脉络之中。
Chapter 22 is the formal entrustment — the moment when the Lotus Sutra passes from the Buddha's hands to the world's. Three times he touches the crowns of the assembled bodhisattvas; three times he says: I cultivated this for immeasurable kalpas. It is yours now. Make sure every being gets to hear it. Then the cosmic assembly disperses — the stupa descends, the Buddhas return to their lands, the flowers settle — and the world returns to its ordinary appearance. But something has changed. The teaching is now in the world, in the hands of those who have promised to carry it. The spectacular is over. The real work begins.