起于晨旦,当愿众生,一切恶法,悉皆不起。若洗手时,当愿众生,得清净手,受持佛法。若饭食时,当愿众生,禅悦为食,法喜充满。若受味时,当愿众生,得佛上味,甘露满足。若见大路,当愿众生,履净法界,心无障碍。见升高路,当愿众生,升佛正教,超出世间。若见园林,当愿众生,勤修觉道,了知处非处。
逐句解释
起于晨旦,当愿众生,一切恶法,悉皆不起
《净行品》共有141个愿文,每一个都遵循同一个格式:「做某件日常事时,当(应当)愿(发愿)众生(一切众生)……」。第一个愿发于清晨起床的一刻:愿一切众生在这一天中,一切恶法(有害的念头、言语、行为)都不升起。「净行」的意思正是:将每一个日常时刻都转化为发愿、修行的机会,让生活本身成为道场。
Upon rising in the morning, may all beings be free from all unwholesome states throughout this day.
Chapter 11, the "Pure Practices" chapter, is one of the most beloved in the entire Avatamsaka. Its 141 vows transform every ordinary moment of daily life into a moment of bodhisattva practice. The structural genius of the chapter is its format: every vow begins with a mundane action (waking up, washing hands, eating, walking, seeing a tree) and redirects it outward into a wish for all beings. This is the practical teaching of the bodhisattva path: there are no neutral moments. Every gesture, every sensation, every sight can be the occasion for expanding the mind's circle of care. The path is not separate from daily life; it is woven into every thread of it.
若洗手时,当愿众生,得清净手,受持佛法。若饭食时,当愿众生,禅悦为食,法喜充满
洗手时,愿众生得到清净的手去受持佛法——外在的洗净对应内在的清净;吃饭时,愿众生以禅悦(禅定的喜悦)为食,法喜(修行的喜悦)充满——物质的饮食对应精神的滋养。净行品一再在「外在的行为」与「内在的愿望」之间建立对应关系。这不是比喻,而是一种训练方式:用有形的行为提醒自己那个更大的志向。
When washing the hands, may all beings receive pure hands with which to uphold the Dharma. When eating, may all beings be nourished by the joy of meditation and filled with the bliss of the Dharma.
The pairing of outer action and inner aspiration is the chapter's defining technique. Washing hands becomes a gesture of purification — not just of the body but of the channel through which the Dharma is received and transmitted. Eating becomes a reminder of the deeper nourishment that the Dharma provides: the "food" of meditation (禅悦为食) is a phrase from the tradition that points to the sustaining joy of a mind resting in clarity. Over time, these pairings reshape the practitioner's perception: the ordinary world becomes a continuous teaching, and every routine act becomes a small ceremony of aspiration.
若见大路,当愿众生,履净法界,心无障碍。见升高路,当愿众生,升佛正教,超出世间
走在宽阔大路上,愿众生行走在清净法界中,心无障碍;走上高坡,愿众生在佛的正教中节节上升,超越世间。《净行品》的141个愿文涵盖了一个人从清晨到夜晚可能经历的几乎所有场景:起床、如厕、洗漱、穿衣、吃饭、出门、遇雨、见树、见花、见人……每一个场景,都是发愿的机缘。
Upon seeing a wide road, may all beings walk the pure dharma-realm with minds free from obstruction. Upon ascending a high road, may all beings ascend the correct teaching of the Buddha and transcend the world.
The 141 vows follow a practitioner through an entire day: waking, dressing, washing, eating, going out, encountering weather, seeing roads and trees and people, entering a temple, hearing the bell, returning home, lying down to sleep. The effect of practising with this chapter over months and years is transformative: the ordinary world ceases to be a neutral backdrop and becomes a constant invitation to expand the heart. The wide road is not just a road; the high road is not just a hill. Everything seen with the eyes of aspiration becomes a mirror for the aspiration. This is what the Avatamsaka means by "pure practice" (净行) — not the avoidance of the world but its sanctification.
(共141愿,从晨起至夜眠,覆盖日常生活一切时刻)
141个愿文的总体逻辑是:菩萨发愿,不只为自己,而是「当愿众生」——每一个愿都是把自己当下的感受和情境,转化为对所有众生的祝福与回向。这是大乘「回向」(dedication of merit)的具体实践:不将功德据为己有,而是将其开放地奉献给一切有情。净行品训练的,是一颗随时随地都在扩展、都在回向的心。
[141 vows in total, spanning from waking to sleeping, covering every moment of daily life.]
The cumulative logic of the 141 vows is the practice of "dedication of merit" (回向, parinamana) built into every moment. In each vow, the practitioner notices their own experience (washing hands, eating, seeing a road) and immediately redirects their attention outward: "may all beings…" This is the structural antidote to self-centredness. Over time, the habit of asking "what does this moment invite me to wish for others?" becomes second nature — a reflex of the bodhisattva heart. Chapter 11 is, in this sense, the Avatamsaka's most practical chapter: a complete training programme for the heart, requiring no special equipment, no monastery, and no free time. The world is the classroom; every moment is the lesson.
总结 · Summary
第十一品是整部《华严经》中最贴近日常生活、最可直接修行的一品。141个愿文,将菩萨的悲愿编织进晨起洗漱、出门行路、饭食休息的每一个日常时刻。格式永远是:「做某事时,当愿众生……」——把自己当下的体验转化为对所有众生的祝福。净行品的教义是:修行不在别处,就在此刻;菩提道场不是某个特殊的地方,而是你当下所在之处。
Chapter 11 is the Avatamsaka's gift to practitioners who live in the world. Its 141 vows weave the bodhisattva aspiration into the texture of daily life — waking, washing, eating, walking, seeing. The format is always the same: notice what you're doing, and immediately wish the same good (or better) for all beings. Practised faithfully, this chapter gradually dissolves the boundary between "practice time" and "ordinary life." Every moment becomes an opportunity to expand the circle of care. The bodhi-site is not a distant place; it is wherever you are, whenever you are paying attention with a heart open enough to wish well to all who share the world with you.